Credit Score

Credit Scores are calculated from different credit data found in your credit report. This data can be grouped into five categories as outlined below. The percentages below reflect how important or weighted each of the categories is in determining your score.

Payment history: 35%
Amounts owed: 30%
Length of credit history: 15%
New credit: 10%
Types of credit used: 10%

Payment History

• Account payment information on specific types of accounts (credit cards, retail accounts, installment loans, finance company accounts, mortgage, etc.)

• Presence of adverse public records (bankruptcy, judgments, suits, liens, wage attachments, etc.), collection items, and/or delinquency (past due items)

• Severity of delinquency (how long past due)

• Amount past due on delinquent accounts or collection items

• Time of past due items (delinquency), adverse public records (if any), or collection items (if any)

• Number of past due items on file

• Number of accounts paid as agreed

Amounts Owed

• Amount owing on accounts

• Amount owing on specific types of accounts

• Lack of a specific type of balance, in some cases

• Number of accounts with balances

• Proportion of credit lines used (proportion of balances to total credit limits on certain types of revolving accounts)

• Proportion of installment loan amounts still owing (proportion of balance to original loan amount on certain types of installment loans)

Length of Credit History

• Time since accounts opened

• Time since accounts opened, by specific type of account

• Time since account activity

New Credit

• Number of recently opened accounts, and proportion of accounts that are recently opened, by type of account

• Number of recent credit inquiries

• Time since recent account opening(s), by type of account

• Time since credit inquiry(s)

• Re-establishment of positive credit history following past payment problems

Types of Credit Used

• Number of (presence, prevalence, and recent information on) various types of accounts (credit cards, retail accounts, installment loans, mortgage, consumer finance accounts, etc.)

A score takes into consideration all these categories of information, not just one or two. No one piece of information or factor alone will determine your score. For some credit grantors, a given factor may be more important than for another credit grantors depending on their analysis. In addition, as the information in your credit report changes, so does the importance of any factor in determining your score. Thus, it's impossible to say exactly how important any single factor is in determining your score - even the levels of importance shown here are for the general population, and will be different for different credit profiles. What's important is the mix of information, which varies from person to person, and for any one person over time.

Your FICO score only looks at information in your credit report. However, lenders look at many things when making a credit decision including your income, how long you have worked at your present job and the kind of credit you are requesting. These factors are normally considered for the rate you will receive as well as the amount of credit you will be approved for. Your score considers both positive and negative information in your credit report. Late payments will lower your score, but establishing or re-establishing a good track record of making payments on time will raise your score.

Written by Mary K. Phillips and adapted from Financeable.com.